The Qur’an Perspective on Human Rights and Social Justice

Abstract

The discourse on human rights and social justice has increasingly become central in global debates, often framed through secular, Western-centric frameworks. However, the Qur’an, as the foundational text of Islam, provides a comprehensive moral, ethical, and legal framework that predates many modern articulations of human rights. This study critically examines Qur’an injunctions on human dignity, equality, justice, and collective responsibility, situating them in dialogue with contemporary human rights discourse. It highlights the Qur’an’s recognition of universal human dignity (karma al-insane), the prohibition of exploitation and oppression, the emphasis on economic justice through mechanisms such as zakat and prohibition of rib (usury), and the protection of vulnerable groups including women, orphans, and minorities. The research also addresses interpretative challenges, particularly in reconciling traditional jurisprudence with evolving international norms. Through textual analysis and comparative frameworks, the study argues that the Qur’an paradigm offers a balanced vision where individual rights are harmonized with social obligations, and where justice is not only a legal construct but a spiritual and moral imperative. The findings underscore the relevance of Qur’an principles in shaping contemporary policies of governance, human rights advocacy, and conflict resolution.