Islamic Mysticism and Modern Psychology: A Dialogue

Abstract

This study explores the interface between Islamic mysticism, particularly Sufism, and modern psychological theory, highlighting how centuries-old spiritual practices resonate with contemporary understandings of human consciousness, mental health, and emotional regulation. Islamic mysticism emphasizes self-purification (tazkiyah), meditation (muḍārabah), and remembrance of God (shirk) as mechanisms for achieving inner balance, ethical awareness, and holistic well-being. Modern psychology, through cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, and positive psychology frameworks, investigates similar outcomes using empirical and evidence-based approaches. By critically analyzing classical Sufi texts alongside contemporary psychological research, this paper demonstrates the potential of integrating spiritual practices into therapeutic interventions for stress reduction, anxiety, depression, and overall mental resilience. The dialogue underscores the complementary nature of these domains, proposing that spiritual and psychological approaches, when combined thoughtfully, can enhance personal development, ethical conduct, and societal well-being. This interdisciplinary study provides both theoretical insight and practical guidance for psychologists, spiritual counselors, and researchers seeking a holistic understanding of human flourishing.