"التحديات المعاصرة في الفكر الإسلامي: دراسة تحليلية للتوجهات الحديثة في فقه الشريعة"

Contemporary Challenges in Islamic Thought: An Analytical Study of Modern Trends in Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh al-Shari'ah)

Abstract

This article delves into the contemporary challenges faced by Islamic thought, focusing on the modern trends in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh al-shari'ah). It aims to explore how traditional Islamic legal principles are being adapted to meet the evolving socio-economic, political, and technological developments of the contemporary world. In recent decades, the Islamic world has encountered numerous new challenges, such as issues related to human rights, environmental ethics, digital technologies, and global economic systems. These issues were not present in the early Islamic legal frameworks, prompting a reevaluation of classical jurisprudence to address modern concerns. The article examines the process of ijtihad (independent juristic reasoning) and its crucial role in addressing these contemporary challenges. The research emphasizes how Islamic scholars are reinterpreting traditional texts to provide new insights and solutions for issues such as bioethics, genetic engineering, artificial intelligence, and the global financial system, while ensuring alignment with Islamic values. The article also highlights the tension between maintaining religious purity and adapting to modernity, a challenge that Islamic jurisprudence has faced throughout history but is particularly pressing today. Further, the article investigates the intersection of Islamic jurisprudence with global trends, particularly in human rights and gender equality, which are subjects of increasing importance in Muslim-majority countries. The study critically assesses how Islamic legal scholars engage with international norms while respecting the moral and ethical boundaries established by Shari'ah.