علم النفس الديني: دراسة مقارنة بين المفهوم الإسلامي والغربي

Conceptual Foundations and Divergent Approaches

Abstract

Religious psychology represents a critical intersection between spiritual beliefs and psychological processes, exploring how faith, cognition, emotion, and behavior interrelate within diverse cultural contexts. This study aims to comparatively analyze the conceptual frameworks of religious psychology from both Islamic and Western perspectives, highlighting their philosophical foundations, methodological approaches, and practical applications. In Islamic psychology, human behavior is interpreted through the lens of spirituality, divine purpose, and moral responsibility, emphasizing the integration of the soul, intellect, and ethical conduct. Conversely, Western religious psychology often focuses on empirical assessment, cognitive-behavioral interpretations, and psychoanalytical constructs, examining religious phenomena as expressions of psychological needs, identity formation, and social influence. By systematically comparing these perspectives, the study reveals convergences, such as the acknowledgment of moral development and mental well-being, and divergences, including the role of divine authority and the measurement of spiritual experiences. Furthermore, this research explores the implications of these conceptual distinctions for therapy, counseling, and mental health interventions, offering insights into culturally sensitive approaches that harmonize spiritual values with psychological practices. The findings underscore the importance of integrating religious and psychological knowledge to foster holistic human development, emphasizing both scientific rigor and spiritual understanding.