حقوق الأولويات الدينية في ضوء السريعة الإسلامية والدساتير الحديثة

Legal Protections and Social Recognition of Religious Minorities

Abstract

This study explores the rights of religious minorities within the frameworks of Islamic Sharia and contemporary constitutional law. It investigates the doctrinal foundations in Islamic jurisprudence that provides protections for non-Muslim communities, highlighting principles of justice, equality, and coexistence emphasized in the Qur’an and Habit. The research further examines how modern constitutions around the world, particularly in Muslim-majority countries, incorporate and reconcile these religious principles with universal human rights standards. Key issues addressed include freedom of worship, protection from discrimination, access to education, and participation in political and social life. Comparative analysis is conducted to identify congruencies and tensions between Sharia-based provisions and secular constitutional guarantees. The study also emphasizes the role of legal reforms, judiciary interpretations, and policy-making in safeguarding minority rights while promoting societal harmony. The findings demonstrate that while Islamic Sharia provides a strong ethical and legal basis for minority protection, effective implementation requires a dynamic interplay with modern legislative frameworks and societal awareness. Recommendations include the adoption of comprehensive legal protections, inclusive educational curricula, and promotion of interfaith dialogue to ensure sustainable coexistence.